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Original Pharmaceutical Articles on PharmaMirror.com. Submit your manuscripts here
Abstract: Different batches of mesoporous silica spheres with modified pore surface were prepared in single step chemical reaction with diverse surface morphologies and pore geometrics using pluronic F127- non-ionic surfactant, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (TEOS) and ammonia with and without modification. Ibuprofen was used as a model drug to characterize the different batches of prepared mesoporous silica comprehensively. Ibuprofen drug storage capacities as well rate of drug release profiles from the mesoporous silica were studied. Characteristic of each batch of prepared silica were studied by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Surface area and Pore size Analyzer and Micromeritics Gemini analyzer. From the studies it was shown that drug loading and release profile of ibuprofen from the hollow mesoporous silica are related to the surface area and pore size of mesoporous silica. By modifying the pore size, surface area of the silica and surface topology these values of studied profiles can be changed and better results can be achieved. Although surface area of the mesoporous silica samples was found to be very small which affected loading and releasing property of ibuprofen, the results showed very encouraging indication of mesoporous silica technology application in drug delivery system.
Keywords: Mesoporous silica, Morphology, Modification, Drug release, Ibuprofen. Read full article: download pdf 1.10MB.
Original Article: Concerns on Tramadol Overprescription
Author: Pablo Ortiz (Pharmacy Student from Spain), Grantee, Pre-Registration, Southport & Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust, England.
It is known that theory and practise sometimes differ, not always for better. In the University lectures tramadol hardly deserved more than brief remark at the end of the pain management chapter. Maybe it should not have been so, seeing how frequently it is prescribed. This is, at least, the impression I have got from my first time in a Hospital, where I am doing my training placement. Unfortunately I have no quantitative data on the tramadol use, but I think it follows strong opioids prescription increase1,2,3. The United Kingdom has a highest percentage of prescription of strong opioids for chronic pain in Europe, but it is not least with weak opioids: it shares the first place with Norway4. And the data from the United Stated should act as a warning: when opioid prescription rises, so does their misuse and the problems associated with them5. (Download Full Text 263KB Only) 3rd June 2012
Short Article :-Nano-Technology: New Hopes in Cancer Treatment
Author: Santanu Mahiuddin, B.Pharm, M.Sc. (UK), Quality Control Officer, Novartis Bangladesh Limited.Cancer has become a foremost cause of death around the world. Cancer is an extremely complex disease to understand because it entails multiple cellular physiological systems such as cell signaling and apoptosis. However the most cancer treatments are limited to chemotherapy, radiation and surgery. Even in these scopes, different drawback plays major role shortcoming its affectivity. 99% of chemotherapy does not reach the cancer cells, US National Cancer Institute (OTIR, 2006). Moreover poor drug delivery and residence at the target sites reach o significant complications including multi drug-resistance. Radiation therapy is also not specific to cancer cells. Most of the normal cells in the body die at 460 C (1080 F) which limited the extent of affectivity of radiation therapy. And most of times surgery is possible if cancer is detected at early stages.
Nanotechnology has the power to offer solutions to these current obstacles in cancer therapies due to its unique size (1-100 nm) and large surface to volume ratios. Currently, lots of research is going on to design novel nanodevices capable of detecting cancer at its earliest stages, pinpointing its location in the body and delivering anti-cancer drugs specifically to malignant cells. According to OTIR:
“The advent of nanotechnology in cancer research couldn’t have come at a more opportune time. The vast knowledge of cancer genomics and proteomics emerging as a result of the Human Genome Project is providing critically important details of how cancer develops which in turn, creates new opportunities to attack the molecular underpinnings of cancer”.
Nano-devices can swift and sensitive detection of cancer retreated molecules enabling the scientists to detect molecular changes even when they occur in minute percentage of cells. Nano-technology will allow diminution of screening tools which means many tests can be run on a single device making screening faster and cost efficient. Scientists have already succeeded to design such modified nano-particles which allows better drug delivery reducing toxicity and decreasing tumor growth rates. Thus nano-particles allows drug delivery only at certain conditions e.g. pH sensitive allowing drug delivery only at certain pH value, similar to pH value unique in tumor cells. Recently a clinical research showed a significant result reducing tumor growth by 22% without and side-effects due to their high selectivity, where as aqueous solution only had reduced 44%. Furthermore the shelf life of nano-particles carrying drugs are also more than the usual.
Review Article : Single Shot Targeted Vaccine.
Author: Md. Saifur Rahman Khan, Senior Officer, R & D Formulation Department, Incepta Pharmaceuticals Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Abstract: Due to poor patient compliance and poor immunogenic response of recently invented recombinant DNA technology based vaccines administering in traditional injection dosage forms, a number of nanotechnology based new concept have been emerged to ensure better immunogenic response and better patient compliance through needle free technology. Not only this, it ensures from sustain release of antigen to pulsatile release. Among them Single short vaccine technology which is most interesting covers almost all applicable concepts of release pattern like sustain release vaccine, pulsetile vaccine, needle free vaccine, tumor targeting vaccine etc. Here we are trying to introduce it to our community. Though this concept can be applicable for other carrier systems, nanotech based formulation here described briefly as it is already getting approval from FDA in world wide context and shows lot of promises. Download to read full article -55KB.
Article: Development of Generic Drug Product of Solid Dosage Form and International Regulatory.
Author: Mohammed Dulal, Senior Pharmacist, Generic Product Development Lab, Julphar Gulf Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ras Al Khaimah, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.Abstract: Innovator company brings medicinal compound(s) as a bless to human beings after performing lots of clinical trials on animals and humans. Hence, innovator company applies the potential medicinal molecule as an Investigational New Drug (IND) to US FDA legally to test the drug on human subjects. After successful clinical trial on human subjects, innovator company submits the drug to US FDA as New Drug Application (NDA) and get patent right. During patent period, innovator company distributes the medicinal compound as INN drug to human beings and collects long term clinical data, hence declares as safe drug for human beings and includes the drug in BP, EP, USP and other pharmacopeias. After patent period (minimum 10 years), generic company can manufacture the drug containing the identical active chemical ingredient in the same dosage form and strengthsas innovator to serve regional human beings. Exceptional, some countries, which are not under patency rules, can manufacture INN drug at the parallel time of innovator. When any generic company submits registration dossier of drug product to US FDA, it is called ANDA (Abbreviated New Drug Application). Now a days registration of a generic drug product to any developed country needs to fulfill lots of requirements. Government health authorities of the countries demand composition declaration, product development history, quality related product specifications, manufacturing direction, analytical test methods, test method validation reports, stability report, packaging design, GMP certificate, quality management certificate(s) from any approved authority, product registration certificate from parent country, etc, additionally DMF (drug master file) of API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients), cGMP certificate of API as well as manufacturing facility, FDA approval certificate of API, COS (certificate of suitability) to identify reliable source of bulk API manufacturing company. The government health authority concerns about quality and safety of API that generic companies use in their product. The government health authorities think that quality and safety of drug product depends not only on generic company but also on bulk manufacturing company of API. Download to read full article -75KB.
Research Article: Storage and release of Ibuprofen by tailoring the morphology of Hollow Mesoporous Silica materials and their characterization.
Author: Santanu Mahiuddin, Dr. Mike. J. Thomas ; University of Greenwich, London.Abstract: Different batches of mesoporous silica spheres with modified pore surface were prepared in single step chemical reaction with diverse surface morphologies and pore geometrics using pluronic F127- non-ionic surfactant, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (TEOS) and ammonia with and without modification. Ibuprofen was used as a model drug to characterize the different batches of prepared mesoporous silica comprehensively. Ibuprofen drug storage capacities as well rate of drug release profiles from the mesoporous silica were studied. Characteristic of each batch of prepared silica were studied by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Surface area and Pore size Analyzer and Micromeritics Gemini analyzer. From the studies it was shown that drug loading and release profile of ibuprofen from the hollow mesoporous silica are related to the surface area and pore size of mesoporous silica. By modifying the pore size, surface area of the silica and surface topology these values of studied profiles can be changed and better results can be achieved. Although surface area of the mesoporous silica samples was found to be very small which affected loading and releasing property of ibuprofen, the results showed very encouraging indication of mesoporous silica technology application in drug delivery system.
Keywords: Mesoporous silica, Morphology, Modification, Drug release, Ibuprofen. Read full article: download pdf 1.10MB.
